Australia's Virtual Herbarium (AVH) (2007). Council of Heads of Australian Herbaria (CHAH). Available at: Vascular Plants APNI (biodiversity.org.au)
Bean, A.R. (undated), unpublished manuscript to Asteraceae tribe Cardueae prepared for Flora of Australia, Australian Biological Resources Study.
Cunningham, D.C., Woldendorp, G., Burgess, M.B & Barry, S.C. (2004) Prioritising sleeper weeds for eradication: Selection of species based on potential impacts on agriculture and feasibility of eradication. Appendix A. Bureau of Rural Sciences, Australia.
Kok, L.T. (2001) Classical Biological Control of Nodding and Plumeless Thistles. Biological Control 21(3): 206-213.
Parsons, W.T. & Cuthbertson, E.C., (1992) Noxious weeds of Australia. Inkata Press, Melbourne.
Popay, A.I. & Medd, R.W. (1990) The biology of Australian Weeds 21. Carduus nutans L ssp. nutans. Plant Protection Quarterly 5: 3-13.
Stanley, T.D. & Ross, E.M. (1986). Flora of south-eastern Queensland. Volume 2. Queensland Dept. Primary Industries, Brisbane.
Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., & Valentine D. H. (eds) (1976) Flora Europaea. Vol. 4. Cambridge University Press.
Woodburn, T.L. & Sheppard, A.W. (1996) The demography of Carduus nutans as a native and an alien weed. In Woodburn, T.L., Briese, D.T. and Corey, S. (eds) Thistle Management, Proceedings of a workshop held at CSIRO Division of Entomology, Canberra on 12-13 June 1996. Plant Protection Quarterly Vol.11 Supplement 2.